Filing and paying Missouri income tax
- Return
- Form MO-1040, due April 15. Each spouse's tax is figured separately on a combined return.
- Withholding
- Missouri uses Form MO W-4. Check the box if you are married and your spouse doesn't work, so your employer applies the full joint deduction.
- Estimated payments
- Required if you expect to owe at least $100 of Missouri tax beyond withholding.
To see how Missouri sits against every other state on top rate, bracket count and standard deduction, see state income tax rates for 2026 — all 51 jurisdictions in one sortable table.
How Missouri Income Tax Compares to Neighboring States
Total income tax (federal + state) on a $100,000 annual salary in 2026, single filer using the standard deduction:
| State | State Tax | Total Income Tax | vs. Missouri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Missouri (here) | $3,670 | $16,840 | — |
| Iowa | $3,148 | $16,318 | -$522 |
| Illinois | $4,805 | $17,975 | +$1,135 |
| Kentucky | $3,382 | $16,552 | -$287 |
| Tennessee | $0 | $13,170 | -$3,670 |
| Arkansas | $3,492 | $16,662 | -$177 |
A negative "vs." figure means that state collects less total income tax than Missouri. Federal portion is identical across states; only state tax varies.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Missouri state income tax rate for 2026?
Missouri state income tax for 2026 ranges from 0% on the lowest bracket to 4.7% on income above $9,436 (single filer). The top rate starts low enough that most full-time earners pay it on part of their income.
How much income tax will I pay in Missouri on a $100,000 salary?
For a single filer earning $100,000 in Missouri in 2026, expect approximately $13,170 in federal income tax and $3,670 in Missouri state income tax — for a total income tax of about $16,840, an effective rate of 16.8%. This excludes FICA (Social Security and Medicare), which adds roughly 7.65% on top.
What is Missouri's income tax rate for 2026?
Rates run from 0% to 4.7%. The top rate applies to taxable income over $9,436, after a $16,100 standard deduction for single filers.
Does Missouri tax capital gains?
Not for individuals, starting with 2025 returns. You subtract 100% of the capital gains reported on your federal return.
Can I deduct federal income tax on my Missouri return?
Partly, if your Missouri AGI is $125,000 or less. The share you can deduct falls from 35% to 5% as income rises, capped at $5,000, or $10,000 on a combined return.
Who pays the Kansas City earnings tax?
Residents of Kansas City, Missouri, wherever they work, and anyone who works in the city. It is 1% of earned income. St. Louis has the same 1% tax.
For the preferential federal rates on long-term gains, see the Capital Gains Tax Calculator. For the federal brackets, standard deduction, and Social Security wage base that sit underneath this state calculation, see 2026 Tax Calculators.